环保型保鲜剂对小苍兰切花的保鲜效应研究

目的]采用无毒、环保、成本较低的化学成分制备环保型保鲜剂,研究其对小苍兰（Freesia refracta）切花的保鲜效果。方法]以蔗糖、柠檬酸、水杨酸和氯化钙为主要成分制备环保型保鲜剂并对小苍兰切花进行处理,观测切花花枝鲜重变化率、水分平衡值、瓶插寿命和观赏品质。结果]9种保鲜剂均能延长小苍兰切花的瓶插寿命,促进花枝吸水,提高观赏品质。综合效果看,处理P4（20%蔗糖＋100 mg/L柠檬酸＋60 mg/L水杨酸＋3 g/L氯化钙）保鲜效果最好,能够明显改善小苍兰切花水分吸收状况,延长瓶插寿命,显著提高观赏品质。结论]由蔗糖、柠檬酸、水杨酸和氯化钙制备的保鲜剂有一定的应用前景,这可以为小苍兰切花保鲜提供指导。

Study on Effects of Different Environment-friendly Fresh-keeping Agents on Freesia refracta Cut Flower

Objective] The aim was to chose non-toxic,environment-friendly and low cost chemical components to prepare environment-friendly fresh-keeping agents,and study its fresh-keeping effect on F.refracta cut flower.Method] Sucrose(S),citric acid(CA),salicylic acid(SA) and calcium chloride(CaCl2) were selected as main components to prepare environment-friendly fresh-keeping agents,and it was used to treat F.refracta cut flower,then the changes in the rate of fresh weight,the value of water balance,the vase life and ornamental quality were observed.Result] The results showed that the 9 kinds of fresh-keeping agents could prolong the vase life of F.refracta cut flowers,promote the squid water,and improve the ornamental quality.Considering comprehensively,treatment P4(20%S +100 mg/L CA+ 60 mg/L SA+3 g/L CaCl2)got the best fresh-keeping effect.It could obviously improve the F.refracta cut flowers' moisture absorption,prolong the vase life,and improve the ornamental quality significantly.Conclusion] The environment-friendly fresh-keeping agent prepared by S,CA,SA and CaCl2 has some application aspect,which provides a guidance for fresh-keeping of F.refracta cut flower.