超声波辅助提取蜂胶总黄酮工艺的优化

目的]研究超声波对蜂胶总黄酮提取得率的影响,优化蜂胶总黄酮提取工艺参数。方法]选取料液比（每克粗蜂胶对应的乙醇毫升数）、乙醇浓度、超声波处理时间、超声波频率4个因素,以蜂胶总黄酮提取得率为指标进行蜂胶总黄酮提取试验。结果]经单因素及正交试验分析,上述4个因素对蜂胶总黄酮提取得率影响的大小顺序为超声波频率〉乙醇浓度〉超声波时间〉料液比;蜂胶总黄酮提取的最佳工艺参数为：料液比1∶9 g/ml,乙醇浓度80%,超声波处理12 min,超声波频率45 kHz;经验证试验,在最佳条件下蜂胶总黄酮的提取得率为20.25%。结论]超声波频率变化对蜂胶总黄酮提取得率影响较大,最佳取值为45 kHz,对实际生产具有理论指导意义。

Research on the Optimization of the Ultrasound-assisted Technology of the Total Flavonoid Extraction from Propolis

Objective] The extraction parameter of the total flavonoids from propolis was optimized through the research on the effect of ultrasound wave on its extraction yield.Method] The four factors: the ratio of raw material to solution(crude propolis per gram to ethanol),the concentration of ethanol,the treatment time of ultrasound and the ultrasound frequency,affected the extraction yield of the total flavonoids from propolis was experimented.Result] The order of these four factors affecting the extraction yield of total flavonoids from propolis was the ultrasound frequency > the concentration of ethanol > the treatment time of ultrasound > the ratio of raw material to solution based on the analysis of single factor and orthogonal test and the optimum parameter of the technology was: the ratio of raw material to solution=1∶9 g/ml,the concentration of ethanol=80%,the ultrasonic processing time=12 minutes and the ultrasonic frequency=45 kHz.The validated test indicated that under the optimal condition the extraction rate of total flavonoids from propolis was 20.25%.Conclusion] The change of ultrasonic frequency could greatly affect the extraction yield of total flavonoids,which best value was 45 kHz,and the experiment was with the theoretical significance in actual production.