武汉市售典型蔬菜硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐污染现状分析

目的]调查武汉市售蔬菜硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐污染现状,并评价其食用安全性。方法]对武汉市7大城区蔬菜市场市售的典型蔬菜进行随机抽样,参考国标法采用分光光度法分析蔬菜样品中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量。结果]武汉城区市售的蔬菜硝酸盐含量大小依次为叶菜类、根茎类、瓜果类、豆类,而同类型不同种类的蔬菜硝酸盐含量差异明显;在所调查的81个蔬菜样品中,亚硝酸盐含量均在食用安全范围内,而硝酸盐含量达到严重污染等级的占35.8%、重度污染占8.6%、中度污染占9.9%、轻度污染占45.7%。结论]武汉城区市售蔬菜中亚硝酸盐含量均在食用安全范围内,而硝酸盐污染突出,尤其是叶菜类蔬菜硝酸盐积累严重。

Evaluation on Present Pollution Status of Nitrate and Nitrite in Typical Vegetables in Wuhan City

Objective] The aim was to investigate the present pollution status of nitrate and nitrite in typical vegetables in Wuhan City and to evaluate their edible security. Method] The typical vegetables were randomly sampled from seven blocks markets in Wuhan City,and contents of nitrate and nitrite in various vegetables were determined with spectrophotometry method based on national corresponding standard of China. Result] The descending sequence of nitrate contents in different type of vegetables was as follows: leaf type>root type>melon and fruit type>beans type,while the nitrate contents varied significantly in the different species vegetables among same types. Among 81 investigated vegetable samples,all the nitrite contents were lower than those in corresponding hygienic criterion,while the proportion of nitrate contents reached a severe pollution grade accounted for 35.8%,heavy pollution for 8.6%,moderate pollution for 9.9%,and mild pollution for 45.7%. Conclusion] All the nitrite contents of vegetables were lower than that in corresponding hygienic criterion in Wuhan City,while the nitrate contamination status was serious,especially in leaf vegetables.