3种水生植物对不同形态氮·磷吸收的研究

目的]探讨水蓼、浮萍和黑藻在水体氮、磷去除中的应用价值。方法]在室内培养条件下,比较这3种水生植物对不同形态和浓度氮、磷的吸收效果。结果]3种植物发挥最大N、P吸收效果的水体N、P浓度分别为1和5 mg/L。经10 d的培养,3种水生植物对铵态氮和硝态氮的去除率均达50%以上,其中浮萍对铵态氮的去除率高达63.6%;3种水生植物对磷的去除以正磷酸盐最佳,焦磷酸盐次之,偏磷酸盐最差。浮萍对这3种形态磷的去除效果均最好,去除率分别为94.7%、85.6%和70.9%。结论]浮萍可以作为一种净化植物,可以有效地降低水中铵态氮和不同形态磷浓度。

Uptake of Different Forms of Nitrogen and Phosphorus by Three Aquatic Plants

Objective] The nitrogen and phosphorus absorption in water by Polygonum hydropiper L.,Hydrilla verticillata(L.f.) Royle and Lemna minor L.were studied.Method] The uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus with different forms and concentrations by three aquatic plants was evalulated under laboratary conditions.Result] The concentrations of N and P in water which made the plants achieve the hightest uptake of the two elements were 1 and 5 mg/L,respectively.The removal rates of NH4-N and NO3-N by three plants were over 50% after 10 days treatment,and the highest removal rate(63.6%) for NH4-N was found in Lemna minor L.Among the different forms of phosphorus,the removal efficiency by plants was followed as orthophosphate>pyrophosphate>metaphosphate.Lemna minor L.had the best removal rate for three forms of phosphorus,with a removal rate of 94.7%,85.6% and 70.9%,respectively.Conclusion]Lemna minor L.was an idea plant for efficient removal of NH4-N and different forms of phosphorus in water.