有性多倍化白菜四倍体雄性不育花药发育的解剖学研究

目的]对有性多倍化雄性不育系花药的败育时期和方式进行研究,为雄性不育基础研究提供理论依据。方法]以同源四倍体白菜为母本,以秋水仙素诱导筛选出含2n配子较高的二倍体为父本杂交获得四倍体不育系及其保持系为材料,采用常规石蜡切片法对其花药进行解剖学研究,观察其花药的败育时期。结果]退化的雄蕊可分为4种类型,均败育于孢原细胞分化期,始终处在孢原细胞期,无绒毡层与花粉母细胞的分化,不形成药室,属孢子体败育型。结论]有性多倍化白菜四倍体雄性不育的4种类型都是孢子体败育型。

Studies on Anther Development of 4x Sexual Polyploidization Male Sterile Lines in Non-heading Chinese Cabbage

Objective] Cytological investigation on microsporogenesis of male sterility of sexual polyploidizationmale sterile lines in non-heading Chinese cabbage were studied to provide theoretical basis for the male sterility.Method] Anther anatomical structure and development were observed using a light microscope through paraffin slices on the production of 4x CMS by sexual polyploidization and its maintainer line in Chinese cabbage.Abortion stage of 4x CMS was observed.Result] There were four types in the degraded stamens.The abortion of stamen occurred at the stage of archesporial cell differentiation,at which there was no differentiation of fibrous layer,tapetum and microspore mother cell.It belonged to non-sporange cytoplasmic male sterility.Conclusion]Four types of the 4x sexual polyploidization CMS lines in non-heading Chinese cabbage were sporophyte abortion.