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紫花苜蓿返青期气象条件研究
引用本文:刘玉华,史纪安,韩清芳,贾志宽.紫花苜蓿返青期气象条件研究[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(31).
作者姓名:刘玉华  史纪安  韩清芳  贾志宽
作者单位:1. 河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳,471003;西北农林科技大学干旱半干旱中心,陕西杨凌,712100
2. 西北农林科技大学干旱半干旱中心,陕西杨凌,712100
基金项目:农业部引进国际先进农业科学技术计划(948计划) , 河南科技大学博士科研启动基金 , 实验技术开发基金  
摘    要:目的]研究苜蓿返青与气象条件的关系。方法]采用随机区组设计,调查7个苜蓿品种的返青期,收集相应的气象资料。结果]苜蓿返青与日平均温度稳定通过5℃的日期更接近。苜蓿返青要求≥0℃的积温达到134.36℃.d,≥5℃的积温达89.64℃.d或有效积温达30.78℃.d。苜蓿返青期与上年度降水量呈正相关。返青前当年降水量多,返青日期晚,但返青速度快;返青前降水量少,返青日期早,但返青速度慢。年份间同一品种的返青期相差不大,而年份内不同品种的返青期差异最大为12 d,不同苜蓿品种返青顺序为:超级13R,路宝、美国杂交熊、牧歌401和超级阿波罗,新疆大叶和巨人201。结论]苜蓿返青的温度指标为≥5℃初日。年度内不同苜蓿品种返青期差异明显。

关 键 词:紫花苜蓿  返青  气象条件

Study on Meteorological Conditions in Turning Green Stage of Alfalfa
Abstract:Objective] The research aimed to study the relationship between turning green of alfalfa and meteorological conditions.Method] With randomized block design,the turning green stages of 7 alfalfa varieties were investigated and the relative resource was collected.Result] The turning green of alfalfa was more close to the date in which the average daily temperature steadily passed 5 ℃ and the turning green of alfalfa required that the accumulated temperature≥0 ℃ reached 134.36 ℃·d,the accumulated temperature ≥5 ℃ reached 89.64 ℃·d or the effective accumulated temperature reached 30.78 ℃·d.The turning green stage of alfalfa had positive correlation with the precipitation in last year.If the precipitation in current year before turning green was more,the turning green date was later with faster turning green rate. If the precipitation in current year before turning green was less,the turning green date was earlier with slower turning green rate.The turning green stage of the same variety between years had little difference,while that of different varieties in the same year had the biggest difference of 12 d.The turning green stage of different varieties of alfalfa in order was 13Rsupreme,Lobo,Meiguozajiao,Amerigraze401,Apollo supreme,Xinjiang big leaf and Ameristand201.Conclusion] The temperature index of turning green of alfalfa was ≥5 ℃ on the first day.The difference of turning green stage of different alfalfa varieties in the same year was obvious.
Keywords:Alfalfa  Turning green  Meteorological conditions
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