山东博山气候条件对有机农业的影响及对策

目的]研究山东博山气候条件对有机农业的影响及气象灾害防御对策。方法]从气候资源的角度,分析了山东博山温度、水分、光照等气象条件与有机农作物生长发育的关系,提出了5年发展规划,对有机农作物生育过程中的主要气象灾害进行了影响分析,并提出了相应的防御对策。结果]博山受季风影响,雨热同季,光、热、水配合较好,农业气候资源的有效性较高,土壤、水质优良,植被完整,这些都是发展有机农业区的有力条件。但降水变率大,不同程度地限制了光、热资源的有效利用。同时,光、热、水充沛的有机农作物生长季节内,气象灾害较频繁。结论]应加快小型水利设施建设,使暴雨洪水资源化,实现适时浇灌;加快设施有机农业建设,提高农业效益。

Effects of Climate Conditions on Organic Agriculture in Boshan District of Shandong and Countermeasures

Objective] The research aimed to study influences of the climate conditions on organic agriculture and defense countermeasures of the meteorological disasters in Boshan District of Shandong.Method] From climate resource,relationships between meteorological conditions(temperature,water and sunshine,etc.) and growth of the organic agricultural crops in Boshan District of Shandong were analyzed.5-year development plan was put forward.Influences of the main meteorological disasters in growth process of the organic agricultural crops were analyzed.Moreover,corresponding defense countermeasures were put forward.Result] Due to monsoon influence in Boshan,rain and heat were in same season.Sunshine,heat and water coordinated well.Validity of the agricultural climate resource was higher.Qualities of the soil and water were good.Vegetation was complete.These were all favorable for developing organic agricultural region.But variability of the precipitation was big,which limited effective utilizations of the sunshine and heat resources at different degrees.Meanwhile,in growth season of the organic agricultural crops,when sunshine,heat and water were sufficient,meteorological disasters happened frequently.Conclusion] We should accelerate construction of the small water conservancy facilities,making rainstorm and flood as resources,realizing timely watering,and accelerate construction of the illustrated organic agriculture,improving agricultural benefit.