化学杀雄剂SX-1对重庆地区油菜的杀雄效果研究

目的]探讨化学杀雄剂SX-1对甘蓝型油菜的杀雄效果,为杂交油菜制种提供应用依据。方法]配置不同浓度梯度的SX-1,分别在渝黄2号母本单核期及10d后,用小型喷雾器将药剂均匀喷施在叶片表面,每2d对各处理油菜的生长和开花情况进行观察和测定。结果]首先喷施SX-1的1号药剂（5.5mg/L）,10d后再喷施SX-1的2号药剂（7.0mg/L）的杀雄效果最佳,全不育率达100%。同时经SX-1诱导所得不育株的植株高度下降,茎秆木质化程度加深,花瓣变小,花瓣颜色变浅,花丝缩短,花期推迟,自交不结实,异交正常结实;叶片叶绿素含量下降;叶片中脯氨酸含量增加,而花蕾中脯氨酸含量下降。结论]化学杀雄剂SX-1能有效地杀死油菜花粉,达到化学杀雄的目的。

Effects of Chemical Hybridizing Agent SX-1 on Brassica napus L. in Chongqing Province

Objective] To explore the effects of chemical hybridizing agent SX-1 on Brassica napus L. in Chongqing and provide a practical basis for hybrid rape seeding. Method] Different concentrations of SX-1 were sprayed on the surfaces of leaves at the uninucleate cell stage of female Yuhuang 2 and 10 d later,respectively. The growth of Brassica napus L. and flowering were observed and measured after treatment once every 2 d. Result] The male-killing effect was the best and the sterility was up to 100% in the conditions of NO1 SX-1 5.5 mg/L (at the uninucleate cell stage),NO2 SX-1 7.0 mg/L (used in 10 d later). Moreover,it can be observed that sterile plants were distinctly characterized by shorter plant height,stem lignification,petal crimpling,fading,filament shortening,later flowering,no pollen or abortion pollen in the anthers,unseeded. The contents of chlorophyll in the flower of induced sterile plant were decreased. The content of free Proline of leaves was significantly higher,while the content of free Proline of buds was significantly lower. Conclusion] Chemical hybridizing agent SX-1 can effectively kill the rape pollen to achieve the purpose of chemical castration.