磷肥和栽培密度对半干旱区特用玉米产量的影响

目的]为半干旱地区特用玉米种植提供技术支撑。方法]以高油115为试材,研究了不同密度和施P2O5量处理对特用玉米的产量影响。结果]增施磷肥和提高密度均使秃顶增多,增施磷肥处理的秃顶大于加大密度的。组合55 500株/hm2(密度)+112.52 kg/hm2(磷肥)的经济性状表现最好,其穗长均匀,秃顶长平均为1.5 cm,穗粒数为641粒/穗,百粒重为20.5 g。组合66 750株/hm2+187.5kg/hm2产量最高,达到7 851.1 kg/hm2;组合55 500株/hm2+262.5 kg/hm2和组合55 500株/hm2+187.5 kg/hm2的产量最低,只有5 697.3和5 766.8 kg/hm2。密度在66 750株/hm2时,3个磷肥用量水平,对产量的影响不大。当密度为59 250株/hm2时,增施磷肥,对产量的负效应显著。结论]半干旱区梯田地种植特用玉米的适宜密度和最佳施磷量应为59 250~66 750株/hm2和112.5~187.5 kg/hm2。

Effect of P Fertilizer and Planting Density on Yield of Special Maize in Semiarid Area

Objective] The study was to give a technique support for the plant of special maize in semiarid area.Method] With Gaoyou 115 as tested material,the influence of different planting density and P2O5 application rate on the yield of special maize was investigated.Result] Increasing P application rate and planting density all increased the bald of maize.The bald in the treatment of increasing P application rate was bigger than that of increasing density.The economic traits in the combination of 55 500 plant/hm2(density) 112.52 kg/hm2 (P fertilizer) was best,with uniform ear length,1.5 cm bald,641 grains per ear and 20.5 g of 100-grain weight.The yield in the combination of 66 750 plant/hm2 187.5 kg/hm2 was highest(7 851.1 kg/hm2).The yield in combinations of 55 500 plant/hm 2 62.5 kg/hm2 and 55 500 plant/hm2 187.5 kg/hm2 was lowest,being 5 697.3 and 5 766.8 kg/hm2 resp.When the density was 66 750 plant/hm2,the 3 P fertilizer levels had a little influence on yield.When the density was 59 250 plant/hm2,the negative effect of increasing P application rate on yield was significant.Conclusion] The optimum density and P application rate for special maize was 59 250-6 6750 plant/hm2 and 112.5-187.5 kg/hm2 resp.in terraced fields of semiarid area.