宜宾茶对2种农作物种子萌发的化感作用研究

目的]研究宜宾茶树(Camellia sinensis L.)对2种农作物种子萌发的化感作用。方法]采用生物测定法研究宜宾茶树根、茎、叶水浸提液对玉米(Zea mays L.)和蚕豆(Vicia faba Linn.)种子萌发的化感作用。结果]茶树的化感作用和受体植物种类、供体植物器官以及浸提液浓度有关。化感效应总趋势为玉米蚕豆,叶根茎。在实验设计的浸提液浓度范围内,0.100 g/ml的根、茎、叶浸提液对2种种子萌发的化感作用最强。茶树根、茎、叶对玉米种子萌发均表现为化感抑制作用;对蚕豆而言,仅茶树茎对其种子的萌发表现为促进作用,而根、叶为化感抑制作用。对种子发芽速率的化感效应敏感指数远大于最终发芽率的敏感指数,表明茶树的化感作用主要是延迟(玉米和蚕豆)或缩短(蚕豆)种子萌发时间。结论]茶园附近不宜种植玉米和蚕豆。

Research on the Allelopathy of Camellia sinensis in Yibin on the Seed Germination of Two Kinds of Crops

Objective] The aim was to research the allelopathy of tea plant(Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Kuntze) in Yibin on the seed germination of two kinds of crops.Method] The bioassay method was used to study the allelopathy of tea plant on the seed germination of maize(Zea mays L.) and fava bean(Vicia faba Linn.).Result] The allelopathy has a close relation to the species of acceptor plant,supporter organs and extract concentration.The general trend of the synthesis effect is as follows: maize>fava bean,leaf>root>stem.Within the range of extract concentration in this experiment,the allelopathy effect of aqueous extract of root,stem and leaf at the concentration of 0.100 g/ml is the strongest.The root,stem and leaf of tea plant inhibit maize seed germination;but for fava bean,only the stem promotes its seed germination,the root and leaf inhibit it.The index of allelopathic effect of germination speed is greater than the rate of final germination,it indicates that the allelopathy of tea plant mainly extend or shorten the germinating period of maize or fava bean.Conclusion] The soil near the tea garden is not conducive to growing maize and faba bean.