吉林省新育成水稻品种(系)的品质性状与产量相关分析

对2006年吉林省区域试验的28个新品种(系)的主要品质指标进行了分析,并研究了品质性状与产量性状的关系.结果表明:参试品种中,只有1个品种垩白粒率达到部颁优质米(NY/T83-1988)2级标准,胶稠度、直链淀粉含量、蛋白质含量、透明度、碱消值、精米率、糙米率均达到部颁优质米2级标准;参试品种的垩白粒率与垩白度呈极显著正相关(r=0.942,P＜0.01),与穗数呈显著负相关(r=-0.482,P＜0.05);产量与垩白粒率呈显著正相关(r=0.523,P＜0.05),与蛋白质含量呈显著负相关(r=-0.567,P＜0.05);整精米率与胶稠度呈显著正相关(r=0.414,P＜0.05),与穗粒数和实穗粒数呈极显著或显著负相关(r=-0.572,P＜0.01;r=-0.524,P＜0.05);提高整精米率、胶稠度,降低千粒重、单穗重和穗粒数,可以兼顾产量与品质的提高.

Correlation Analysis of Grain Quality and Yield of New Rice Variety(japonica) in Jilin Province

Grain quality traits of 28 new rice varieties in regional trial of Jilin Province in 2006 were analyzed.According to Standard for Fine Quality Rice(NY/T83-1988),only one variety reached the 2nd class of chalky rice rate.There was an extremely significant positive correlation between chalky rice rate and chalky area ratio(r = 0.942,P < 0.01).Chalky rice rate had significant negative correlation with number of effective panicles(r=-0.482,P<0.05).Grain yield had significant positive correlation with chalky rice rate(r=0.523,P<0.05)and significant negative correlation with protein content(r=-0.567,P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation with head rice percent and gel consistency(r=0.414,P<0.05).Head rice percent had extremely significant positive correlation with grain number per spike(r =-0.572,P<0.01) and significant positive correlation with the number of total grains per panicle(r=-0.524,P<0.05).Rice yield and quality could be both improved by enhancing head rice percent and gel consistency as well as reducing 1 000-grain weight,weight per spike and grain number per spike.