微波辅助提取普洱茶中茶褐素的工艺研究

目的]研究微波辅助提取普洱茶中茶褐素的工艺,为普洱茶加工和普洱茶深层次开发与应用提供理论指导。方法]以普洱茶为原料,茶褐素得率为指标,采用微波辅助提取普洱茶中的茶褐素,在单因素试验基础上采用正交试验,并对所得茶褐素进行红外光谱扫描和主要理化性质分析。结果]对茶褐素产率影响最大的是提取次数,其次是料液比,微波功率和提取时间影响最小,提取次数和料液比对产率有显著性影响。微波辅助提取普洱茶中茶褐素的优化工艺条件为提取次数2次,料液比1∶15 g/ml,提取时间10 min,微波功率320 W,在此条件下产率达到16.83%。茶褐素是弱酸性物质,含有蛋白质、多糖化合物。结论]微波辅助提取普洱茶中的茶褐素是一种较理想的工艺。

Study on the Microwave-assisted Extraction Method of Theabrownine from Pu-erh Tea

Objective] To study the microwave-assisted extraction of theabrownine from Pu-erh tea,so as to provide theoretical guidance for the deep processing and development of Pu-erh tea.Method] Theabrownine was extracted from Pu-erh tea by the microwave-assisted method,an orthogonal experiment was conducted based on single factor test,and then the physiochemical properties of theabrownine were analyzed with infrared spectrum.Result] The yield of theabrownine was significantly influenced by the extraction frequency and solid-liquid ratio,while slightly affected by microwave power and microwave time.The best microwave-assisted extraction conditions were twice of extraction,1∶ 15 g/ml of solid-liquid ratio,10 min of extraction time and 320 W of microwave power,under which the yield of theabrownine could reach up to 16.83%.Theabrownine is weak acidic,and it contains proteins and polysaccharides.Conclusion] Microwave-assisted technology is an ideal method to extract theabrownine from Pu-erh tea.