不同类型油菜品种(系)光合生理指标与产量之间关系的研究

目的]对不同类型油菜(Brassica L.)品种(系)的光合生理指标与产量的关系进行研究,揭示不同油菜品种的光合特性。方法]选择青海省主栽油菜品种(系),甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus L.)杂交种为青杂7号、青杂5号、青杂3号、青杂2号,白菜型油菜(Brassicacampestris L.)为青油241,甘蓝型油菜为青油14和No.46,芥菜型油菜(Brassica juncea L.)为青海芥菜。结果]不同类型油菜品种(系)各生育期净光合速率均与单株产量呈极显著或显著正相关。苗期时甘蓝型常规种青油14、白菜型油菜青油241和芥菜型油菜青海芥菜蒸腾速率与单株产量之间呈现极显著相关;盛花期时只有白菜型油菜青油241的蒸腾速率与单株产量之间呈现极显著相关;而在角果期各品种(系)油菜的蒸腾速率与产量之间均无相关性。单位面积叶片的净光合速率对产量的影响大于蒸腾速率。结论]在油菜品种选育中可把净光合速率作为一个重要的选择指标。

Study of Different Types of Rape ( Brassica L.) Cultivars (Lines) Relationship between Photosynthetic Physiological Indices and Yield

Objective] The purpose was to study different types of rape cultivars(lines) relationship between photosynthetic physiological indices and yield,and reveal different rape cultivars’ photosynthetic characteristics.Method] Main cultivars(lines) of Qinghai Province were used as materials,thereinto,Brassica napus L.hybrids were Qingza No.7,Qingza No.5,Qingza No.3 and Qingza No.2,Brassica campestris L.was Qingyou 241,Brassica napus L.were Qingyou 14 and No.46,Brassica juncea L.was Qinghai mustard.Result] Net photosynthetic rate of different types of rape cultivars(lines) had a very significant or notable positive corelation with yield per plant during all growth period.At seedling period,transpiration rate of Qingyou 14,Qingyou 241 and Qinghai mustard had a very significant corelation with yield per plant;At full-bloom period,only Qingyou 241’s transpiration rate had a very significant corelation with yield per plant;While at pod period,all rape cultivars(lines)’ transpiration rate had no correlation with yield per plant.Net photosynthetic rate of unit area leaf had a greater effects on yield than transpiration rate.Conclusion] Net photosynthetic rate should be used as an important indicators during rape cultivar breeding.