引导学生有效分析遗传学综合性实验结果的探索与实践

以6#和2#果蝇的杂交为例,探讨了学生在实验过程中常出现的问题以及如何加强引导学生对实验结果的分析。认为分析"果蝇的综合杂交实验"的数据应从1对遗传因子分析到2对遗传因子分析,再到3对遗传因子分析;分析内容应包括性状的显隐判断、基因位置的确定、表现型比例和假设检验。同时,在实验的各个环节引导学生复习、巩固遗传学的基本原理。在实验的设计阶段让学生思考影响实验结果的因素。实践表明,学生对实验结果的分析不仅思路清晰、逻辑性增强,而且充分挖掘了实验数据所蕴含的信息,从而提高了遗传学实验教学质量。

Practice on Guiding Undergraduates to Analyze Effectively the Results of Genetics Experiment

Using the hybridization experiment between 2# and 6# Drosophila melanogaster as a model,we explored the common major problems during the experiment and how to guide students to analyze experimental results.The results of "Synthetical hybridization experiment of Drosophila" should be analyzed from one pair of genetic factors to the two pairs of genetic factors,then to the three pairs of genetic factors.The analysis contents should include the judgments of dominant or recessive trait,identification of gene location,analysis of phenotype ratio and hypothesis test.Guiding students to review and consolidate the basic principles of genetics and reminding them of think about factors that would affect the results of the experiment should be included respectively in all aspects and during the design phase of the experiment.Reform practice showed that students not only analyze the experimental results clearly and logically,but also fully exploit the information contained in experimental data,thus the teaching quality of genetics experiment was greatly improved.