微波辅助提取法提取复方中草药有效成分的研究

目的]研究微波辅助提取法提取复方中草药的有效成分。方法]采用乙醇回流提取法和微波辅助提取法提取复方中药中的有效成分,同时采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定了黄芩苷和葛根素的含量,并以黄芩苷得率和葛根素得率为考察指标,比较了2种不同提取方法的提取效果,同时研究了微波辅助提取法的微波作用时间对提取的影响。结果]以不同浓度的乙醇进行回流提取时,黄芩苷和葛根素的得率随着乙醇浓度的增加先增大后减小;以微波辅助提取法进行提取时,浓度为60%乙醇提取的黄芩苷和葛根素的得率最高。当乙醇浓度为60%时,采用微波辅助提取法提取的黄芩苷和葛根素的得率均明显高于乙醇回流提取。最佳微波作用时间为15 min,此时黄芩苷得率和葛根素得率最高,分别是0.315 5和0.502 5 mg/g。结论]采用微波辅助乙醇回流提取法可提高复方中草药中黄芩苷得率和葛根素得率。

Extraction of the Effective Components from Compound Chinese Herbal Medicine by Microwave-assisted Extraction

Objective] To research the extraction of effective components from compound Chinese herbal medicine by microwave-assisted extraction.Method] Effective components were extracted from compound Chinese herbal medicine by ethanol reflux extraction and microwave-assisted extraction.At the same time,baicalin and puerarin contents were detected by UV-Vis spectrophotometry.With the extraction rates of baicalin and puerarin as the indices,extraction efficiency of the two extraction methods were compared.And the effects of extraction time on extraction rate by microwave-assisted extraction were studied.Result] Ethanol with different concentrations was used for reflux extraction.Extraction rates of baicalin and puerarin firstly enhanced and then reduced as the ethanol concentration increased.When using microwave-assisted extraction,extraction rates of baicalin and puerarin were the highest by 60% ethanol.When the ethanol concentration was 60%,extraction rates of baicalin and puerarin by microwave-assisted extraction were significantly higher than those by ethanol reflux extraction.The optimal extraction time of microwave-assisted extraction was 15 min.Under this condition,the extraction rates of baicalin and puerarin were the highest,which were 0.315 5 and 0.502 5 mg/g,respectively.Conclusion] Microwave-assisted extraction and ethanol reflux extraction could significantly enhance the extraction rates of baicalin and puerarin.