密度对谷子生长及产量性状的影响

目的]研究密度与谷子生长、产量性状的关系,为选育抗倒伏品种提供科学依据。方法]在大田随机区组试验中,以不分蘖型谷子品种"鸭子嘴"为试材,设计18万、21万、24万株/hm23个种植密度,以26万株/hm2为对照,较系统研究了密度与谷子生长、产量性状的关系。结果]18万、21万、24万株/hm2种植密度谷子的株高比对照分别矮化8.6%、6.0%和4.1%,茎粗分别比对照增大22.6%、11.3%和3.8%,谷子穗长、穗粗略有增加,穗重和穗粒重增加1～2g。3个种植密度的增产效果与对照均在0.05水平差异显著。产量最好的是21万株/hm2密度下的谷子,比对照增产75.5%,差异极显著。结论]谷子的种植密度与株高呈正相关,与茎粗呈反比关系。21万株/hm2密度下谷子的产量最高,比对照增产700～900kg/hm2。

Effect of Density on Growth and Yield Characters of Millet

Objective] The aim was to study the relationship between the density and growth and yield characters of millet and provide scientific base for breeding the variety with lodging resistance.Method] In the field test,with non-tillering millet variety Yazizhui as tested material,3 planting densities of 18 ×105,21×105,24×105 plant/hm2(26×105 plant/hm2 as CK) were designed to research the relationship between the density and growth and yield characters of millet systematically.Result] The plant heights of millet with 3 planting densities of 18 ×105,21×105,24×105 plant/hm2 were dwarfed by 8.6%,6.0% and 4.1% than CK and the stem diameters of millet with 3 planting densities were augmented by 22.6%,11.3% and 3.8% than CK,resp.The spike length and spike diameter of millet were increased slightly,and the spike weight and grain weight per spike were increased by 1～2 g.The yield increase of 3 planting densities had significant difference from CK at 0.05 levels.The millet planted at 21×105 plant/hm2 got highest yield,being 75.5% higher than CK and with greatly significant difference.Conclusion] The planting density had positive relation to plant height and negative relation to stem diameter.The millet planted at 21×105 plant/hm2 got highest yield,increasing by about 700～900 kg/hm2 than CK.