黄土高原沟壑区土地整治工程环境影响及保护对策

以陕西澄城荒草地开发为例,分析了黄土高原沟壑区土地整治项目中的土地平整、农田水利、田间道路、林网和电力工程实施对环境要素的影响机理、过程和结果,发现工程实施对土壤环境、水环境、大气环境、生物(生态)环境、社会经济环境等产生的主要负面环境影响评价。根据分析,提出土地整治中要基于建设生态文明要求,遵循生物多样性、土地多功能性、环境生态性等原则和景观生态学理念,提升土地整治内涵,采取必需的环保措施以及有效改进的工程技术手段,使土地整治与生态环境保护有机融合,促进生态国土的可持续发展。

Environmental Impact of the Loess Plateau Gully Region Land Consolidation Project and Protection Cou ntermeasur es

Taking the waste-grassland development of Chengcheng, Shaanxi as an example,the mechanism that influenced environmental elements were analyzed, its process and results of the Loess Plateau gully region land consolidation project, specifically referring to the impact of implementing land leveling, irrigation and water conservancy, country road, forest network, and electric power.The analysis results show that the implementation of this project have both positive and negative impact on the environment of soil, water, atmosphere, biology (ecology), society and economics.According to the analysis results, the author proposes that during land consolidation, principles of biological diversity, land multi-functionality, ecological environment must be followed as required by ecological civilization construction, and the author also puts forward the concepts of landscape ecology, so as to enhance the quality of land consolidation;meanwhile, the author thinks that environmental protection measures and effectively modified engineering technology means must be taken to combine land consolidation with ecological environmental protection and promote the sustainable development of land in our country.