人工湿地植物石龙芮和接骨草对畜禽废水的净化能力研究

为了提高人工湿地在冬季对畜禽废水的净化效率,采用模拟人工湿地盆栽试验,测定了石龙芮和接骨草对畜禽废水中CODCr、TP、NH4+-N、TN、浊度的去除率及基质与植物对N、P的吸附效果,以及计算了植物地上地下生物量比(A/U)。结果表明,石龙芮和接骨草系统的出水水质中NH4+-N、浊度、TN和CODCr含量与无植物系统中的含量呈显著性差异(P<0.05),但出水水质中TP含量在3个系统中无显著性差异(P>0.05)。石龙芮和接骨草系统与无植物系统对P的吸附量无显著性差异(P>0.05);基质中土壤对P的吸附量显著高于河沙和砾石(P<0.05);在地上地下生物量比中,石龙芮床为0.82,接骨草达到1.18。可见,石龙芮和接骨草生长速度较快,较适合于需快速启动的人工湿地系统,覆盖度近100%,环境适应性强,可作为处理畜禽废水的人工湿地植物。

The Treatments of Constructed Wetland Plants Ranunculus sceleratus and Sambucus chinensis on the Livestock and Poultry Wastewater

To improve the livestock wastewater treatment efficiencies of constructed wetland in winter,the Ranunculus sceleratus L.and Sambucus chinensis Lindl were selected and cultured as constructed wetland pants in pot experiment with different concentrations.The comprehensive evaluation for R.sceleratus and S.chinensis based on CODCr,TP,NH4+-N,TN,Turbidity removal,adsorption of N and P,and aboveground biomass accumulation / underground biomass accumulation(A/U).The results showed that the removal rate of CODCr,TP,NH4+-N,and TN of livestock wastewater was significantly higher in the system of R.sceleratus and S.chinensis compared with blank test(P<0.05),but not different in turbidity removal(P>0.05);the adsorption of P for the system of R.sceleratus and S.chinensis and CK no different(P>0.05);the adsorption of P for substrates showed soil was higher than riversand and gravel(P<0.05);the R.sceleratus in A/U is 0.82 and the S.chinensis in A/U is 1.18.The results suggested that R.sceleratus and S.chinensis grew very quickly and their coverage was nearly 100%.Also their removal efficiencies for pollutants were satisfactory.So they could be chosen as a fast start-up constructed wetlands system.