黔产8种野菜主要营养成分比较分析

目的]比较分析黔产8种野菜鸭儿芹（Cryptotaenia japonica Hassk.）、蓝布正（Geum japonicum Thunb.）、鱼香菜（Mentha spicata Linn.）、灰菜（Chenopodium album L.）、剪刀菜（Aster sublatus Michx.）、豆瓣菜（Nasturtium officinale R.Br.）、清明菜（Gnaphalium affine D.Don）、水芹Oenanthe javanica（Bl.）DC.]的主要营养成分含量,为其开发利用提供参考。方法]用常规方法对8种野菜的基本营养成分及矿质元素的含量进行分析。结果]8种野菜的营养成分含量有差异。8种野菜水分含量为78.10%~93.40%,灰分含量为8.74%~19.70%,粗脂肪含量为0.90%~1.90%,粗蛋白含量为0.31%~1.15%,粗纤维含量为10.20%~32.20%,多糖含量为0.007%~0.054%,维生素C的含量为0.052~0.351 mg/g。灰菜中的K、Mg、Ca的含量最为丰富,分别为8.60%、2.20%、3.23%;豆瓣菜中Na的含量最高,达到6.15%;清明菜中Mn的含量最高,达到583.3 mg/kg,水芹中Fe、Zn的含量最高,分别为0.24%、131.8 mg/kg。结论]黔产8种野菜中含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪、纤维、多糖、维生素以及矿质元素,具有很高的开发利用价值。

Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Compositions of Eight Kinds of Wild Vegetables in Guizhou

Objective] To comparatively analyze the major nutritional values of 8 wild vegetables in Guizhou Province like Cryptotaenia japonica Hassk.,Geum japonicum Thunb.and Mentha spicata Linn.etc.,so as to provide reference for the development and utilization of them.Method] By employing conventional methods,the basic nutrient components and mineral elements in 8 wild vegetables were analyzed comparatively.Result] The content of nutritional components in 8 kinds of wild vegetables varied with moisture content of 78.10%-93.40%,ash content of 8.74%-19.70%,fat content of 0.90%-1.90%,protein content of 0.31%-1.15%,crude fiber content of 10.20%-32.20%,amylase content of 0.007%-0.054% and Vc content of 0.052-0.351 mg/g.The content of K,Mg and Ca in Chenopodium album L.were the highest,being 8.6%,2.20% and 3.23% respectively.The content of Na in Nasturtium officinale R.Br.was 6.15%,and that of Mn in Gnaphalium affine D.Don reached a peak(583.3 mg/kg).In addition,the content of Fe and Zn in Oenanthe javanica(Bl.) DC.were 0.24% and 131.8 mg/kg respectively.Conclusion] These 8 wild vegetables in Guizhou Province are rich in protein,fat,fiber,amylase,vitamins and mineral elements,which are endowed with higher exploring value.