新疆生产建设兵团十五期间生态足迹测评

运用生态足迹方法,根据2002~2006年新疆生产建设兵团统计资料,对兵团十五期间的生态足迹进行计算,结果表明:兵团十五期间的人均生态足迹由2001年的4.968391 hm2增长到2005年的5.540852 hm2,可利用人均生态承载力由2001年的2.412742 hm2下降到2004年的2.28535 hm2,2005年稍有回升。生态足迹与生态承载力反向发展趋势使兵团的十五期间生态赤字由2.555649 hm2增至2.922504 hm2,说明兵团人口对自然资源的利用逐年增加,目前已超出了自然生态系统的生态承载力范围,生态足迹与生态承载力之间的矛盾加剧,现有的发展模式是不可持续的,生态系统处于不安全状态。并提出了解决这一问题的有关对策。

Ecological Footprint Evaluation of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps during the Tenth Five-year Plan

Based on ecological footprint method and according to the statistical data of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps from 2002 to 2006,ecological footprint of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps during the Tenth Five-year Plan was calculated.Result showed that the ecological footprint per capita in the corps during the Tenth Five-year Plan increased from 4.968 391 hm2 in 2001 to 5.589 282 hm2 in 2005,and the usable ecological carrying capacity per capita decreased from 2.412 742 hm2 in 2001 to 2.285 35 hm2 in 2004,and rose again a bit in 2005.The ecological footprint went with a reverse trend against the ecological capacity development during the Tenth Five-year,which made the corps ecological deficit increased from 2.555 649 hm2 to 2.972 250 4 hm2.It indicated that the natural resources utilization by the population in corps increased annually and exceeded the ecological carrying capacity range of natural ecological system at present.The contradictions between ecological footprint and the ecological carrying capacity were becoming more complexity.The existing model of development was not sustainable,and eco-system was in the state of insecurity.Relevant countermeasures for this problem were put forward.