高秆大穗型鲜食甜玉米栽培密度和优化施肥研究

目的]探讨适宜海南土壤类型和品种特性的鲜食甜玉米高产高效栽培技术。方法]以高秆大穗型鲜食甜玉米新品种泰鲜甜1号为试验材料,进行不同密度、不同施肥效应的栽培试验。结果]泰鲜甜1号在海南最适宜的种植密度在3.75万~4.50万株/hm~2;氮、磷、钾肥的贡献顺序为氮最大,其次是磷,最后是钾;氮、磷、钾施肥量均与产量呈一元二次抛物线方程,且方程均显著;当N、P_2O_5、K_2O为336、160、213 kg/hm~2,施肥比例为N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O=1.00∶0.50∶0.65时,可获得最佳经济产量,此时氮、磷、钾肥的肥料利用率、肥料效益较高。结论]该研究结果适用于高秆大穗型鲜食甜玉米品种在海南中等肥力土壤上的种植。

Planting Density and Optimize Fertilization of Fresh Sweet Corn with High Stem and Big Ear

Objective] To explore efficient cultivation techniques that were suitable for Hainan soil type and varietal characteristic.Method] With fresh sweet corn Thai sweet No.1 as the experimental material, different densities, different fertilizer cultivation experiments were done. Result] The results showed that the Thai sweet No.1 in hainan was the most suitable planting density in 37500-45000 plants/hm2;The contribution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash was that nitrogen was the largest, followed by phosphorus, finally was potassium;Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer rate and yield presented a yuan quadratic parabolic equation, and the equations were significantly;When P2 O5 , K2 O was 336, 160, 213 kg/hm2 , fertilizer proportion of N:P2 O5:K2 O =1.00:0.50:0.65, could obtain the best economic yield, ni-trogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer utilization rate and fertilizer efficiency was higher. Conclusion] The research results apply for cul-tivation of high stalk, fresh sweet corn varieties in Hainan middle fertile soil .