新农村建设中经济人利他行为对社会福利的影响

借助MATLAB软件利用自编程序,构造一个简明模型来仿真演示新农村建设中经济人利他行为对社会福利的影响。结果表明,在无强制机制约束条件下,无利他奖励机制的群体,利他倾向大的成员,其后期可配置资源和发展水平少于较自私成员;在无强制机制约束条件下,有事后奖励机制但无事后奖励预期的群体,利他倾向大的成员,其后期可配置资源和发展水平多于较自私成员;社会福利由于利他行为产生的利他社会效益,利他者获得的合作剩余和利他行为带来的荣誉义务效用而更大。由于新农村建设增加社会福利和发展农村生产力的一个有效途径是提升农民的理性模式和需求结构,为此可从群体和个人2个方面建立和完善利他行为奖励机制。

Impact of the Altruistic Behavior of Economic Man on Social Welfare in the New Countryside Construction

By using the MATLAB software and a self-compiling program,a simple model was constructed to simulate and demonstrate the impact of the altruistic behavior of economic man on social welfare during the new countryside construction.The results indicated that,without the constraints of enforcement mechanism,the disposable resources and development level of the group without altruistic reward mechanism and the members with strong altruistic tendency during the later period were less than that of relatively selfish members;without the constraints of enforcement mechanism,the disposable resources and development level of the group with afterwards reward mechanism but without afterwards reward expectation and the members with strong altruistic tendency were more than that of relatively selfish members;the social welfare grew larger due to the altruistic social benefits produced by altruistic behaviors,the cooperative surplus obtained by the altruists and the obligation and honor effect brought by altruistic behavior.Since the new countryside construction would improve social welfare and one effective way to develop rural productivity is to improve the farmers' rational model and demand structure,therefore the reward system for altruistic behavior could be established and improved from the aspects of group and individual.