杂种优势的进化意义探析——以适合度对随机交配群体遗传多样性的贡献为依据

从群体遗传的角度将杂种优势与近交衰退的定义进行类比,认为杂种优势应该用适合度来综合衡量。建立数学模型,推导出随机交配群体3种基因型RR、Rr、rr在不同适合度下的平衡状态,揭示杂种优势是群体中复等位基因存在的先决条件。发现杂种优势通过提高杂合个体的适合度,避免淘汰不同类型的基因,从而保护群体的遗传多样性,使群体具有较强的自我调节和进化潜力;让个体意义上的适应与群体层次的适应协调一致,深化了达尔文的个体选择思想。

Analysis of the Evolutionary Significance of Heterosis

Upon the analogy of definition of heterosis and inbreeding depresstion in terms of population genetics,the heterosis was thought to be evaluated overall with fitness.By building a mathematical model,the equilibrium status of three genotypes of random mating population(i.e.RR,Rr and rr) under different fitness,which exposes that heterosis is the precondition for multiallele to exist in the population.The heterosis prpotects the genetic diversity and makes the population own a stronger self-control and evolution potential by improving the heterozygote's fitness so as not to wash out different types of genes.It deepens Darwin's thoughts of individual section by making the individual fitness consonant with population fitness.