黑龙江松嫩平原区环境地质对地下水动态的响应研究

20世纪70年代开始,黑龙江松嫩平原区地下水开采量不断增加,与1970年相比,2006年地下水开采量增加近3倍。在地下水过量开采作用下,地下水环境发生动态变化,造成了哈尔滨漏斗、大庆漏斗、齐齐哈尔漏斗等多处大型地下水漏斗。漏斗的发育对地下水开采量变化极为敏感,近年来,随着开采量的减少及稳定,地下水漏斗也趋于萎缩并逐渐稳定。同时,区域上地下水位的下降也加剧了黑龙江省松嫩平原区生态环境恶化,加速了区域湿地萎缩及土地沙漠化。

Study on the Response of the Environgeology to the Groundwater Dynamics in Songnen Plain of Heilongjiang Province

Since 1970s,the groundwater exploitation in Songnen Plain of Heilongjiang Province kept increasing,nearly 3 times increase from 1970 to 2006.Due to the excessive exploitation of groundwater,the groundwater environment changed,leading to some large-scale groundwater funnel in Harbin,Daqing and Qiqihar.The groundwater funnel was sensitive to the groundwater exploitation.In recent years,with the decreasing and stable exploitation,the groundwater funnel was becoming small and stable.At the same time,the declining in groundwater level aggravated the environment,accelerated the shrinkage of wetlands and land desertification in Songnen Plain of Heilongjiang Province.