安徽竹类病（灾）害种类及发生特点

对安徽主要竹产区病（灾）害实地调查,共发现安徽活竹病（灾）害17种,竹材病害5种、暴雪引起的机械倒伏1种。在活竹病害中,叶部病害7种、枝干病害8种、根部病害2种;除冰雪引起的叶枯和机械倒伏外,其余均为真菌引起的病害。目前竹类侵染性病害危害较重的有刚竹黑痣病（Phyllachora spp.）、丛枝病（Aciculosporium take Miyake=Balansia take（Miyake）Hara）,毛竹基腐病（Arthriniumphaeospermum Ellis）、白色腐朽病（Schizophyllum commune）等;自然灾害危害较重的是暴雪引起的竹林成片倒伏。总体来说,雪灾的危害性大于侵染性病害。在竹林营造和管理上,需重视对竹类病虫害和雪灾的预防和控制。

Species and Occurrence Characteristics of Bamboo Diseases in Anhui Province

Through the investigation of diseases in main bamboo producing areas of Anhui Province,seventeen diseases were found out on the living bamboo,five diseases on the bamboo products and one lodged disaster caused by snowstorm.Of all the diseases on the living bamboo,seven on the leaves,eight on the shoot and stem,and two on the root;apart from the dead leaf and mechanical lodging,others diseases were caused by fungus.Some severe diseases were Phyllachora spp.,Aciculosporium take,Arthrinium phaeospermum,Schizophyllum commune and so on;the serious natural disaster was the wide-area lodging caused by snowstorm.In general,the damage caused by snowstorm was more severe than infectious diseases.During the future cultivation and management of bamboo grove,enough attention should be paid to the prevention and control of bamboo diseases and snow disasters.