不同养分管理模式与耕作栽培措施对作物产量和土壤肥力的影响

目的]为快速提高中低产田肥力和农田生产力提供理论依据。方法]通过田间试验研究了不同栽培管理模式（农民习惯耕作栽培与高产栽培管理模式）和养分管理模式（传统养分管理模式和高效养分管理模式）对冬小麦/夏玉米轮作体系中作物产量和土壤肥力的影响。结果]在高产高效管理模式下,作物产量显著高于农民习惯管理模式。经过5季作物的试验,高产高效管理模式的农田有机质含量提高了2.72～3.01 g/kg,土壤全氮含量升高了0.12～0.16 g/kg,速效磷（O lsen-P）含量增加了5.2 mg/kg,速效钾含量升高了37.8 mg/kg。结论]综合考虑作物产量和土壤肥力,高产高效管理模式是中低产农田作物产量提高和耕地地力提升的有效途径。

Effects of Different Nutrient Management Systems and Cultivation Methods on Crop Yield and Soil Fertility

Objective] The aim was to provide scientific basis for improving the middle and low yielding fields fertility and farmland productivity.Method] A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of different management practices(including nutrient management systems and cultivation methods) on crop yield and soil fertility in winter wheat/summer maize rotation system.Result] The crop yield in the treatment of the high yield and high efficiency system was remarkably higher than farmer conventional management practice.After five crop seasons experiment,the contents of soil organic matter for high yield and high efficiency system increased 2.72-3.01 g/kg,and that of soil total nitrogen increased 0.12-0.16 g/kg,the soil Olsen-P increased 5.2 mg/kg and the soil available K(NH4OAC-K) increased about 37.8 mg/kg.Conclusion] Considering the yield and soil fertility comprehensively,the management system of high yield and high efficiency could effectively increase the crop yield and improve the soil fertility.