乙烯利和 B9采前处理对“宫川”早熟温州蜜柑果实品质和贮藏的影响

目的]寻找促进早熟温州蜜柑果皮转色且不降低品质和贮藏性能的方法。方法]以“宫川”早熟温州蜜柑为试材，用不同浓度乙烯利和B。进行采前处理，研究处理后对果实贮藏过程中若干品质和贮藏性能的影响。结果]试验表明，采前乙烯利处理贮藏前期果实可滴定酸含量下降较快，对可溶性固形物的影响主要表现在贮藏后期；贮藏15d时，处理B（乙烯利250mg／L）的转色指数达0．51，比CK高出0．19，乙烯利加速了果实贮藏过程中果皮叶绿素a和b的降解，促进了果实转色，而且较高浓度的乙烯利处理果实转色效果更明显；同时乙烯利处理也加速了果实的腐烂和水分的散失，贮藏20d，处理B的腐烂率为17．39％，CK为2．90％，显著降低了果实的商品率；乙烯利和B，混合处理相对单一使用乙烯利能够降低腐烂速度和失水率，但转色效果不明显。结论]采前乙烯利处理可促进果实转色，但也加速了果实水分的散失以及提高腐烂率，故适用于实际应用的处理浓度还有待进一步研究。

Effect of Pre-harvesting Ethephon and B9 Treatments on the Quality and Storage of Early-maturing Mandarin ＂Miyagawa＂

Objective ] To find a better way to improve peel coloring and doesn＇ t decrease quality or storage properties. Method] With early- maturing mandarin ＂Miyagawa＂ employed as the plant materials in the field experiment, the plants were treated with different consistence of preharvest ethephon and Bg, the effect of ethephon and B9 on the quality and storage of earlyaturing mandarin ＂Miyagawa＂ was studied. Result] The results showed that titratable acid content decreased quickly with pre-harvesting ethephon treatments, and effect on the soluble solid content mainly performed in the late storage time. Days 15, the index of yellow peel of treatment B （250 mg/L ethephon） is 0.51, which was 0.19 high- er than the control, and ethephon treatments promoted the decrease of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents, therefore enhanced peel color break, and higher concentration had the clearer effect. At the same time, ethephon treatments accelerated the fruit decay and water loss. Days 20, the rotten fruit rate of treatment B and the control are 17.39% and 2.90%, the treatments significantly decreased commodity rate ; the treat- ments of ethephon and B9 could decrease rotten fruit rate and water loss rate in compare to single ethephon treatment, but the effect of fruit coloration was not clear. Conclusion] Pre-harvesting ethephon treatments can enhance peel color break, but also accelerate the fruit softening, decay and water loss, so the actual appropriate concentration needs further study.