施肥水平和种植密度对甜玉米叶片叶绿素含量·果穗性状·产量的影响

目的]探索适宜当地甜玉米高产栽培的优化组合。方法]以真甜美6号为材料,施肥水平为主处理(处理A、B、C),种植密度为副处理(处理a、b、c),研究施肥水平、种植密度对甜玉米叶片叶绿素、果穗性状和产量的影响。其中,处理A为硝酸磷375kg/hm2,二铵300kg/hm2,油升1200kg/hm2;处理B为NPK三元复合肥750~825kg/hm2;处理C为二铵300kg/hm2,尿素300kg/hm2,草木灰1500kg/hm2;处理a、b、c分别为49500、52500、57500株/hm2。结果]甜玉米叶片总叶绿素含量以处理Ab最高,其余依次为:处理Ca>处理Cb>处理Aa>处理Bb>处理Bc>处理Ac>处理Ba>处理Cc;叶绿素a/b比值大小顺序依次为:处理Ab>处理Cb>处理Ca>处理Bb>处理Cc>处理Ba>处理Bc>处理Ac>处理Aa。果穗性状以组合处理Ab最好,其次为处理Cb。甜玉米产量从高到低依次为:处理Cb>处理Ab>处理Cc>处理Bb>处理Ca>处理Aa>处理Ac>处理Bc>处理Ba。结论]施肥水平对甜玉米产量的影响较种植密度大,适宜当地甜玉米高产栽培的优化组合为:施二铵300kg/hm2,尿素300kg/hm2,草木灰1500kg/hm2,种植密度52500株/hm2。

Influence of Fertilizing level and Seeding Density to Leaf Chlorophyll Content,Ear Charateristics and Yield of Sweet Maize

Objective] The research aimed to explore high production cultivation optimum composition of local sweet maize. Method] The effect of fertilizing level and seeding density to Leaf chlorophyll content,ear charateristics and yield of sweet maize were studied, taking the variety of Zhentianmei No.6 as material. And the fertilizing level was main-processing, and the seeding density was vice-procession. Thereinto, treatment A was fertilized with phosphorus nitrate 375 kg/hm2, eran 300 kg/hm2 and yousheng 1 200 kg/hm2, treatment B was fertilized with NPK compound fertilizer 750～825 kg/hm2, treatment C was fertilized with eran 300 kg/hm2, carbamide 300 kg/hm2 and plant ash 1 500 kg/hm2. The planting density of treatment a, b and c was 49 500, 52 500, 57 500 stem/hm2 respectively. Result] The sweet maize leaf total chlorophyll content was the highest at Ab, the rest was in the order of Ca>Cb>Aa>Bb>Bc>Ac>Ba>Cc. The value of chlorophyll a/b was in the order of Ab>Cb>Ca>Bb>Cc>Ba>Bc>Ac>Aa. The cob character were the best at Ab, the next was Cb. The sweet maize yield from high to low was in order: Cb>Ab>Cc>Bb>Ca>Aa>Ac>Bc>Ba. Conclusion] Influence of fertilizing level to yield of sweet maize was higher than that of seeding density. The best association was fertilized with eran 300 kg/hm2, carbamide 300 kg/hm2 and plant ash 1 500 kg/hm2, and seeded with 52 500 stem/hm2. It was suitable to local conditions.