喷施叶面肥对灌溉区小麦光合特性和产量的影响

目的]探讨了喷施叶面肥对小麦产量的影响,同时探索了不同种类叶面肥对小麦光合特性的影响效应。方法]选择河南农业大学科教园区作为试验区,研究小麦光合特性和产量在喷施6种不同叶面肥后的变化规律。结果]喷施磷酸二氢钾和微量元素水溶肥降低了小麦叶片SPAD值,而喷施大量元素水溶肥、含氨基酸水溶肥、含腐植酸水溶肥和喷施宝则提高了其SPAD值;6种叶面肥均增强了小麦的光合效率,且以磷酸二氢钾的效果最好;在小麦抽穗期,6种叶面肥不同程度地增加了小麦Fv/Fm参数,而在小麦灌浆期,除磷酸二氢钾明显增加了Fv/Fm值,其他5种叶面肥均明显降低了Fv/Fm值。小麦产量在喷施6种叶面肥处理下均有所提高,且在磷酸二氢钾处理条件下提高幅度最高,为6.43%,其次喷施宝和含氨基酸水溶肥,分别为5.88%和4.66%。结论]在小麦灌溉区,磷酸二氢钾叶面肥对小麦光合特性和产量的增强效果较好。

Effects of Spraying Foliar Fertilizer on Wheat Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield in Irrigation Area

Objective ] The research aimed to study the effects of spraying foliar fertilizer on the wheat yield, and explore the eilects ol differ- ent kinds of foliar fertilizer on the wheat photosynthetic characteristics. Method] The scientific and educational park in Henan Agricultural U- niversity was selected to research the changes of wheat photosynthetic characteristics and yield. Result] Spraying monopotassium phosphate and trace element water-soluble fertilizer could decrease leaf SPAD value, but spraying macroelement water-soluble fertilizer, water-soluble fer- tilizer containing amino acid, water-soluble fertilizer containing humie acid and Penshibao increased leaf SPAD value. All the six foliar fertiliz- ers enhanced photosynthetic efficiency of wheat, with the best effect of monopotassium phosphate. During heading time in wheat, the six kinds of fertifizers increased the parameter Fv/Fm with different degrees. And during filling time in wheat, except that monopotassium phosphate ob- viously increased Fv/Fm value, the other five kinds of fertilizers decreased Fv/Fm value obviously. The wheat yields were all improved under the six different treatments, and the increased range reached maximum under monopotassium phosphate, which was 6.43 %, followed by Pen- shibao and water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acid, which were 5.88% and 4.66% respectively. Conclusion] In irrigation area, the effect of spraying monopotassium phosphate was better.