酵母菌的倍性及其鉴定方法

目的]鉴别单、二倍体酵母菌株。方法]分析了2种倍性酵母茵的特征及其联系，对酵母茵体进行美兰染色、产孢后子囊孢子的番红染色以及低温特殊处理，对单、二倍体酵母进行区分与鉴定。结果]酵母菌株经美兰染色后能清晰观察到两者的活性及其茵体大小的差异；产孢后的二倍体菌株，子囊孢子被染成红色，菌体为蓝色，而单倍体菌株只有蓝色的茵体；低温处理后，在长有单、二倍体混合茵株的平板上，二倍体的茵落明显大于单倍体。结论]单、二倍体酵母茵在形态上、遗传上和生理上存在很大差异。可以借助一些辅助试验很好地把它们区分开来。

Ploidies of Yeast and Their Identification Methods

Objective] The aim was to indentify haploid and diploid yeast strains. Method] The characteristics and relation of haploid and diploid yeast were analyzed firstly, and then haploid and diploid yeast were indentified through the methylene blue staining of yeast strains, safranine staining of ascospore and special low temperature treatment test.Result] After methylene blue staining, the differences of haploid and diploid yeast in activity and size could be observed clearly; the ascospore of diploid strains...