一次深施肥对玉米供肥规律的影响

目的]探索一次深施肥对玉米供肥规律的影响。方法]设置肥料施用量相同的2个处理(常规施肥和一次深施肥),在玉米生长的不同时期取样,测定叶片、茎+雄穗、雌穗、籽粒的鲜重、干重及植株N、P2O5、K2O含量。结果]一次深施肥的玉米比常规施肥增产521.5 kg/hm2,提高了5.76%。一次深施肥促进玉米在生育中后期对氮、磷的吸收。玉米大喇叭口期以前,氮、磷主要集中在叶片中;在玉米成熟期,钾的分布比例为茎秆>叶片>籽粒,施肥方法对钾的分布有影响而对氮、磷的分布则无影响。常规施肥钾在叶、茎、粒中的分布比例约为3∶6∶2;一次深施肥分布比例为2∶2∶1。结论]一次深施肥可促进玉米在生育中后期对养分的吸收,提高玉米产量。

Effect of Once Deep Fertilization on the Law of Fertilizer Supply of Corn

Objective] The study was to explore the effect of once deep fertilization on the law of fertilizer supply of corn..Method] 2 treatments with the same fertilizer application rate(conventional fertilization and once deep fertilization) were set up,and the samples were taken in different growth stages of corn to detect the fresh weight and dry weight of leaf,stem+ tassel,female ear,grain and the contents of N,P2O5 and K2O in plant.Result] The yield of corn with once deep fertilization was increased by 521.5 kg/hm2 than that with conventional fertilization,increasing by 5.76%.Once deep fertilization could promote the absorption of corn on N and P in middle and late growth stages. Before big flare stage of corn,the N and P mainly concentrated in leaves.The distribution ratios of K in each organ in mature stage of corn were stem > leaf > grain.The fertilization method had effect on distribution of K,but had no effect on distribution of N and P.The distribution ratios of K in leaf,stem and grain in treatment with conventional fertilization were about 3∶6∶2 and that in treatment with once deep fertilization were 2∶2∶1.Conclusion] Once deep fertilization could promote the absorption of corn on nutrition in middle and late growth stage and increase the yield of corn.