不同栽培模式下烟叶碳氮有机物动态变化与初烤烟叶品质通径分析

目的]研究5种栽培模式下烟叶中碳氮有机物变化与初烤烟叶品质关系。方法]利用聚类和通径分析方法。结果]留叶数对产值、产量影响最大,在前中期可通过总蛋白、可溶性糖含量及淀粉对产值、产量有间接影响。可溶性糖含量的提高与烟碱含量的降低有利于品质的提高。移栽期对初烤烟叶中氯离子含量直接影响较大,但通过碳氮有机物对氯离子的间接影响相对较弱。钾离子含量受施氮量影响较大,但移栽期可通过间接作用对钾离子产生负影响。N2、N3和N4栽培模式下,烟株生长旺盛且株型较好,初烤烟叶综合品质性状相似;N2栽培模式下的经济性状和感官质量最优,但其钾氯比偏低,糖碱比偏高,移栽期及留叶数较为合适,施氮量偏低。结论]通过调整前中期氮肥比例,可提获得最佳产量和品质。

Path Analysis of Dynamic Changes in Carbon-nitrogen Organic Substances and Cured Tobacco Leaf Quality Characters under Different Cultivation Models

Objective] Relationship of cured tobacco leaf quality characters with dynamic changes in carbon-nitrogen organic substances was analyzed statistically in different cultivation models.Method] Clustering and path analysis method was used.Result] The results showed that the remained leaves had the greatest impact on the output value and yield,through the indirect effect of total protein,soluble sugar and starch in early middle stages on the yield.Lower nicotine content and higher soluble sugars content were beneficial in the average price increase.Transplanting time had a direct significant influence on the chloride ion content in cured tobacco leaves though the indirect effects of the carbon and nitrogen organic compounds on chloride ion was relatively weak.Potassium ion content was greatly influenced by nitrogen fertilizer application and negatively affected indirectly by transplanting time.Tobacco plants in three cultivation models such as N2,N3 and N4 showed vigorous growth and good plant type,and similar integrated quality traits of flue-cured tobacco.Among them,the model N2 had the best economic traits and sense quality,but the potassium chlorine ratio was low,sugar and alkali ratio was high.The transplanting time and remained leaves were more appropriate,the nitrogen fertilizer rate was low.Conclusion] The better yield and quality would depend on the rational cultivation measures to adjust the nitrogen fertilizer rate.