丽蚜小蜂防治设施番茄烟粉虱效果研究

目的]探究释放丽蚜小蜂(Encarsia formosa Gahan)防治设施蔬菜害虫烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)]的效果。方法]在不同地点释放丽蚜小蜂,放蜂后按规定时间分别调查烟粉虱成虫和若虫数量以及丽蚜小峰成虫羽化数量和被粘死数量。结果]放蜂第3周和第4周,两地对烟粉虱若虫的防治效果分别为70.1%、90.9%和77.4%、94.6%,控制成虫效果分别为35.1%、61.2%和58.0%、76.0%;21 d(3周)后,成虫平均羽化率为89.4%,粘死率为7.2%,实际出蜂率为82.2%;控制烟粉虱的效果在放蜂后第2周开始显现,第4周能有效发挥防治作用。结论]丽蚜小蜂防治烟粉虱效果较好,可在设施蔬菜生产中大面积推广应用;在烟粉虱发生初期,提前10～15 d放蜂,且应增加10%的放蜂量。

A Study of Control Effect of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on Greenhouse Tomatoes Using Parasitoid Encarsia formosa Gahan

Objective ] To study on biological control technology of Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius） on greenhouse tomatoes using parasitoid Encar- siaformosa Gahan. Method] E. formosa were released in different sample sites and both the number of numph and adult B. tabaci and emer- gence and death rates of E. formosa were thereafter studied at assigned time. Result] Control ofB. tabaci using E. formosa was effective in the two sample sites, specifically up to 70.1% and 90.9% in the 3rd week, and 77.4% and 94.6% in the 4th week respectively. Adult B. tabaci population growth was significantly suppressed by 35.1% ,61.2%, and 58.0% and 76.0% accordingly. The emergence, death rates of adult E. formosa were respectively 89.4% and 7.2% in 21 days and the actual emergence rate was thus 82.2%. The effect started to emerge in the sec- ond week of release and became significant in the 4th week. Conclusion] Control of B. tabaci on greenhouse tomatoes using parasitoid E. for- mosa was fairly effective and can be promoted in producing greenhouse vegetables. At the initial stage of occurrence of B. tabaci, E. formosa should be released 10 - 15 days earlier and the release amount should also be increased by 10%.