四种沉水植物对富营养化水体的净化效果研究

目的]研究沉水植物对富营养化水体的净化效果。方法]采用室外盆栽方法,研究伊乐藻(Elodea canadensis)、金鱼藻(Cerato-phyllum demersum)、苦草(Vallasneria asiatica)、狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum)四种沉水植物对富营养化水体中氮磷的去除能力。结果]①四种沉水植物均能在富营养化水体中生长良好,并且具有良好的氮磷去除能力。②与对照相比,四种沉水植物对磷的平均去除率依次提高了7.65、8.85、6.97、1.86个百分点,其中以金鱼藻对磷的去除效果最佳。③与对照相比,四种沉水植物对氮的去除率依次提高了7.93、19.38、16.13、16.19个百分点,其中以金鱼藻对氮的去除效果最佳。结论]可考虑以金鱼藻为先锋种治理东北地区的富营养化水体。

Research on the Removal Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Eutrophic Water by Four Submerged Plants

Objective] To study the removal effect of nitrogen and phosphorus in eutrophic water by four submerged plants.Method] The outdoor pot experiments were conducted to study the removal effects of four submerged plants,including Elodea canadensis,Ceratophyllum demersum,Vallasneria asiatica and Myriophyllum spicatum,on nitrogen and phosphorus in eutrophic water.Result] ①All of the four submerged plants grew well in eutrophic water and had excellent ability to remove nitrogen and phosphorus.② Comparing with the control,the average removal rate of four submerged plants on phosphorus was 7.65%,8.85%,6.97% and 1.86% higher,among them,Ceratophyllum demersum showed the best removal capacities on phosphorus.③ Comparing with the control,the average removal rate of four submerged plants on nitrogen was 7.93%,19.38%,16.13% and 16.19% higher and Ceratophyllum demersum showed the best removal capacities on nitrogen.Conclusion] Ceratophyllum demersum could be planted as pioneer species to treat the eutrophic waters in Northeast China.