30种植物提取物抑菌活性研究

目的]筛选抑菌活性较强的植物提取物。方法]以水稻纹枯病菌为供试对象,采用菌丝生长速率法对30种植物提取物的抑菌菌活性进行了初筛和复筛。结果]云南松(叶)、透骨草(茎和叶)、苦葛(根、茎和叶)、华山松(果)、雪上一枝蒿(茎和叶)、黄柏(茎和叶)、漏芦(根)、水冬瓜(叶)、地黄(根)、柳杉(茎和叶)、三颗针(茎和叶)和鹿含草(茎和叶)12种植物提取物在10 mg/ml浓度下对菌丝生长抑制率达80%以上,其中云南松(叶)、透骨草(茎和叶)、苦葛(根、茎和叶)和华山松(果)4种植物提取物菌丝生长抑制率均在95%以上,显著高于其他植物提取物;对以上12种植物提取物进行的抑菌活性复筛结果与初筛结果表现一致。结论]为进一步研究开发高效、安全、与环境友好的新型杀菌剂奠定了基础。

Study on Antifungal Activity of Extracts of 30 Plants

Objective] The paper was to screen the plant extracts with strong antifungal activity.Method] With Rhizoctonnia solani as the test object,the antifungal activity of extracts of 30 plants was carried out preliminary and secondary screening by mycelial growth rate method.Result] The 12 kinds of the extracts including Pinus yunnanensis(leaf),Phryma leptostachya(stem and leaf),Pueraria peduncularis(root,stem and leaf),Pinus armandiifruit(fruit),Aconitum brachypodum(stem and leaf),Phellodendron amurense(stem and leaf),Rhaponticum uniflorum(root),Alnus cremastogyne(leaf),Rehmannia glutinosa(root),Cryptomeria fortunei(stem and leaf) and Berberis pruinosa(stem and leaf) had strong activities against R.solani with growth inhibition rates over 80% as the concentration was 10 mg/ml,among which the extracts of Pinus yunnanensis(leaf),Phryma leptostachya(stem and leaf),Pueraria peduncularis(root,stem and leaf),Pinus armandiifruit(fruit),Aconitum brachypodum(stem and leaf) showed the inhibition rate above 95%,significantly higher than the other extracts.The results were proved by the secondary screening.Conclusion] The study laid foundation for further development of high efficient,safe and environmental-friendly new fungicides.