干鲜两用型辣椒新品种皖椒18的选育·特征特性·栽培要点

目的]为辣椒(Capsicum annuum)新品种皖椒18的推广种植提供理论依据。方法]通过比较皖椒18和对照品种的产量、品质和抗病性等指标,探讨了皖椒18的生产潜力和推广价值。结果]皖椒18中早熟;果实羊角形,果长17～20 cm、果肩1.6～1.8 cm;鲜椒单果重20～25 g,干椒单果重3.0～4.5 g;果面光滑,果指10.9,肉厚0.23 cm,心室数2～3个;嫩果颜色深绿,干椒暗红、光亮。皖椒18持续坐果力强,一般单产3万kg/hm2以上,显著高于对照8819。皖椒18干物质、粗脂肪、粗纤维和总糖含量均低于对照湘辣2号,但红色素色价及VC、辣椒素含量均高于对照湘辣2号,总体品质优于对照。皖椒18抗病毒病,高抗炭疽病、疫病和青枯病,抗病性强。结论]皖椒18熟期早、产量高、米质优,是绿椒、红椒和加工干椒多用型品种,适宜在安徽、湖南、江苏和云南等地种植,具有较好的推广应用前景。

Breeding, Characteristics and Cultivation Techniques of New Hot Pepper( Capsicum annuum) Varieties Eating as Fresh and Dry Fruits

Objective] The purpose was to supply a theoretical basis for the popularization and cultivation of new hot pepper variety Wanjiao18.Method] Through comparing the yield,quality and disease resistance indices of Wanjiao18 with control,the production potential and popularization value of Wanjiao18 were discussed.Result] The mid-early maturity hot pepper hybrid Wanjiao18 has conical fruit with smooth skin;Its fruit length is 17-20 cm,fruit shoulder is 1.6-1.8 cm;Its fresh weight per fruit is 20-25 g,and dry weight per fruit is 3.0-4.5 g;Its fruit shape index is 10.9,thickness is 0.23 cm,ventricle number is 2-3;Its fresh fruit is dark green,and dry fruit is dull-red and bright.Wanjiao18 has strong continuous fruit-setting ability,and yield is over 3×104 kg/hm2 in general,is significant higher than that of control 8819;Its dry matter content,crude fat content,crude fibre content and total sugar content are all lower than those of control Xiangla2hao,but the red pigment value,VC content and capsaicine content are all higher that those of control Xiangla2hao;As a whole,its quality is superior to control Xiangla2hao.Wanjiao18 is resistant to virus disease,and is high resistant to anthracnose,phytophthora disease and bacterial wilt,so has strong disease resistance.Conclusion] Wanjiao18 has characteristics of early maturity,good quality and high yield,is a multiple usages variety as green pepper,red pepper and producing into dry pepper,and is suitable for growing in Anhui,Hunan,Jiangsu and Yunnan and so on,has a good and application future,popularization.