鱼腥草叶乙醇提取液的抑菌作用研究

目的]研究鱼腥草叶中黄酮类物质的最佳提取工艺和鱼腥草叶乙醇提取液的抑菌作用。方法]以鱼腥草为材料,浓度70%的乙醇为溶剂,设计L9(34)正交试验提取方法,优选出鱼腥草叶中黄酮类物质的最佳提取工艺条件;以多粘芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、裂殖酵母和酿酒酵母、黑曲霉为供试菌种,进行抑菌试验,研究鱼腥草叶乙醇提取液的抑菌作用。结果]优选出的提取方法为乙醇提取法,其较佳的提取条件为温度80℃,料液比1∶20(g/ml),提取2次,每次提取2 h;在此条件下,鱼腥草黄酮类物质的提取率达4.363%。鱼腥草叶乙醇提取液具有广谱抑菌特性,且对细菌的抑菌效果优于对真菌的抑菌效果;鱼腥草叶提取液对多粘芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、裂殖酵母、酿酒酵母和黑曲霉的最小抑制浓度分别为0.06、0.06、0.08、0.08、0.1、0.1和0.1 g/ml。结论]研究出了鱼腥草叶中黄酮类物质的最佳提取工艺,并确定了其乙醇提取液的抑菌作用,为鱼腥草叶的进一步开发和利用提供了理论依据。

Study on the Antimicrobial Activity of Ethanol Extracts from H.cordata Leaves

Objective] To study the optimum extraction technology of flavonoids from H.Cordata leaves and the antimicrobial effect of ethanol extracts from H.Cordata leaves.Method] With 70% ethanol as solvent,L9(34) orthogonal test was designed to optimize the extraction technology of flavonoids from H.Cordata leaves.Then,the antimicrobial activity of ethanol extracts from H.Cordata leaves against B.polymyxa,E.coli,S.aureus,B.subtilis,S.pombe,S.cerevisiaeand A.niger was investigated.Result] The optimum condition for extracting flavonoids with ethanol was based on twice extraction of each 2 h at 80 ℃with the solid-liquid ratio of 1∶20 g/ml.Under the above condition,the extraction rate of flavonoids from H.Cordata leaves was 4.363%.Ethanol extracts of H.Cordata leaves had broad-spectrum antibacterial activity,which was more effective for bacteria than fungus.The minimum inhibitory concentration of H.Cordata leaves extracts against B.polymyxa,E.coli,S.aureus,B.subtilis,S.pombe,S.cerevisiae and A.niger was 0.06,0.06,0.08,0.08,0.1,0.1 and 0.1 g/ml,respectively.Conclusion] This study could provide theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of H.Cordata leaves.