白花曼陀罗挥发油主要化学成分和抑菌活性测定

目的]测定白花曼陀罗挥发油的主要化学成分和抑菌活性。方法]用水蒸汽蒸馏法从白花曼陀罗中提取挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对挥发油的化学成分进行分析;以烟草赤星菌（Alternaria alternata）、苹果干腐病菌（Botryosphae riadothidea）、棉立枯病菌（Rhizoctonia solani Kühn）、茄腐皮病镰孢霉（Fusarium solani（Mart.）和草燕麦镰孢霉（Fusarium avenaceum）为供试靶标菌进行离体抑菌活性试验.结果]鉴定出10种成分占挥发油总量的92.66%,其中白花曼陀罗挥发油中6-戊基-5,6-二氢（化）吡喃-2-酮含量最高,占挥发油总含量的44.28%;白花曼陀罗挥发油对5种植物病原菌的活性有不同程度的抑制作用且作用的大小顺序为苹果干腐病菌〉草燕麦镰孢霉〉茄腐皮病镰孢霉〉棉立枯病菌〉烟草赤星菌。结论]该方法简便、快捷,可用于白花曼陀罗挥发油的主要化学成分和抑菌活性的测定。

Determination on the Main Chemical Components and Antibacterial Activities of Volatile Oil from Datura stramonium L.

Objective] The aim was to determine the main chemical components and antibacterial activities of volatile oil from Datura stramonium L..Method] Volatile oil was extracted from Datura stramonium L.by steam distillation.Chemical components of volatile oil were analyzed by GC-MS.Alternaria alternate,Botryosphae riadothidea,Rhizoctonia solani Kühn,Fusarium solani(Mart.),and Fusarium avenaceum were taken as the target bacteria to carry out in vitro antibacterial activity test.Result] 10 components were detected,which accounted for 92.66% of the total volatile oil.In the volatile oil of Datura stramonium L.,content of 5,6-dihydro-6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one was the highest,accounting for 44.28%.Volatile oil from Datura stramonium L.had different inhibitory effects on 5 plant pathogens,which were in the order of Botryosphae riadothidea>Fusarium avenaceum>Fusarium solani(Mart.)>Rhizoctonia solani Kühn>Alternaria alternate.Conclusion] This method was simple and rapid,and could be used for the determination of main chemical components and antibacterial activities of volatile oil from Datura stramonium L..