马缨杜鹃种子萌发研究

目的]为马缨杜鹃的种质保存和开发利用提供科学依据。方法]对马缨杜鹃种子进行不同温度、不同贮存方法、温水浸种处理等的萌发试验并测定其千粒重与种子活力。结果]萌发速率随温度升高而加快,且以30℃为最高。15、25和30℃的种子发芽率分别为60%、80%和95%。浸种24 h发芽率为70%,48 h发芽率为88%,而干播种子发芽率仅为68%。风干脱粒-30℃低温贮存的萌发率为84%,脱粒室温贮存的萌发率为77%,不脱粒室温贮存的萌发率为67%。结论]马缨杜鹃的萌发适宜温度约为25℃。浸种时间48 h比24 h的种子发芽率高,20℃水浸种发芽率比干播种子发芽率稍高些。风干脱粒低温贮存可提高种子的萌发率。营养液配方浓度比为91∶时最适合马缨杜鹃种子萌发。

Study on the Seed Germination of Rhododendron delavayi

Objective] The study aimed to supply scientific basis for the germplasm conservation,development and utilization of Rhododendron delavayi.Method] The germination experiment of R.delavayi seeds treated with different temperatures,different storage methods and seed soaking in warm water was conducted and their 1 000-seed weights and seed activities were determined.Result] The germination speed quickened along with the temperature increasing and was highest at 30 ℃.The seed germination rates at 15,25 and 30 ℃ were 60 %,80 % and 95 % respectively.The germination rates of seeds soaked for 24 h and 48 h were 70 % and 88 % respectively,but that of dry sowing seeds was only 68 %.The germination rate of seeds that were air-dried and threshed and then stored at-30 ℃ was 84 % and that of seeds that were threshed and non-threshed and then all stored at room temperature were 77 % and 67 % respectively.Conclusion] The suitable germination temperature of R.delavayi seeds was about 25 ℃.The germination rate of seeds soaked for 48 h was higher than that soaked for 24 h and that of seeds soaked with 20 ℃ water was some higher than that of dry sowing seeds.Air-drying,threshing and storage at low temperature could enhance seed germination.The formula concentration ratio of nutrient solution of 9∶1 was most suitable for the germination of R.delavayi seeds.