番茄11个品质性状的相关分析及通径分析

目的]为了研究番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）品质性状间的相关性.方法]以5个母本、8个父本及其杂交得到的40个番茄杂交一代组合作为试验材料,通过测量法测定番茄果型指数、pH、果实硬度以及可溶性固形物含量,采用滴定法测定果实总酸、维生素C含量,采用比色法测定番茄红素、可溶性糖、总糖及还原糖含量,通过相关分析了解各性状的表型相关系数、遗传相关系数,通过通径分析得出各性状间的直接相关效应、间接相关效应.结果]在一定范围内,果实酸度越大、pH越小,果实硬度越大.糖酸比与可溶性糖、总糖、可溶性固形物和还原糖含量间的相关性均达到极显著水平,且可溶性固形物含量与可溶性糖含量间达到显著相关水平,与糖酸比、总糖含量间均达到极显著相关水平,总糖含量对可溶性固形物含量的直接效应值较大;果实硬度经可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量间接作用于总糖含量的为负向效应.通过决定系数可以看出,总酸度等性状对糖酸比和果实硬度等性状对总糖含量的决定系数大于0.5外,其他的决定系数都小于0.5,表明性状指标之间存在着一定的关系,但其他性状对其也起作用.结论]筛选番茄优良品种,不仅仅只从果型指数、果实硬度、可溶性糖含量、可溶性固形物含量、总糖含量、还原糖含量及总酸含量等性状出发,还要继续探索其他性状,更全面地了解影响番茄品质的其他相关性状,这可为以后有计划、有目的地筛选优良番茄品种提供理论依据.

Correlation Analysis and Path Analysis of Characters of 11 Tomato（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.） Varieties

Objective] To study the correlation between quality characters of tomato.Method] Forty first-generation hybrid varieties of tomato from 5 female parents and 8 male parents were taken as the test materials to get tomato fruit shape index,pH,fruit hardness,and soluble dry matter with measurement method,total acid and Vc content with titrimetric method,lyeopene,soluble sugar,total sugar and reducing sugar content with colometric method,phenotypic correlation coefficient,genetic correlation coefficient of each character with correlation method,direct correlation effect and indirect correlation effect among characters.Result] Within a certain range,higher fruit acidity means lower pH and higher fruit hardness.The correlation between sugar-acid ratio and soluble sugar,total sugar,soluble solid matter and reducing sugar content achieves the extremely significant level,that between soluble solid matter and soluble sugar achieves the significant level,that between sugar-acid ratio and total sugar content achieves the extremely significant level.Total sugar content has greater direct effect on soluble solid matter content; fruit hardness has negative effect on total sugar content via the indirect action of soluble solid matter and soluble sugar.According to the determination coefficients,determination coefficient of such characters as total acidity for sugar-acid ratio,and such characters as fruit hardness for total sugar content is ＞ 0.5,and all others is ＜ 0.5,i.e.character indexes are correlated,but other characters also act.Conclusion] Screening quality tomato varieties is based on not only fruit shape index,fruit hardness,soluble sugar content,soluble solid matter content,total sugar content,reducing sugar content and total acid content,but also other characters influencing tomato quality,which lays a theoretic support for the future screening of quality tomato varieties.