高寒草甸不同退化程度土壤的养分研究

目的]探讨不同退化高寒草地土壤营养成分含量的变化规律及其草地退化、土壤退化之间的关系,为退化草地土壤系统的恢复治理提供可靠的依据。方法]对青海省果洛州玛沁县高寒草甸不同退化程度土壤养分进行分析。结果]随着退化程度的加剧,土壤养分含量在0~30 cm内随着土壤深度的增加而减小,而相同层次的土壤养分含量则随着退化程度的加剧而降低;土壤含水量在轻度退化、中度退化和重度退化高寒草甸的0~10 cm土层内差异极显著(P<0.01),而在10~30 cm土层内变化差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论]随着高寒草地退化程度的加剧,土壤营养成分含量和土壤含水量呈显著性下降趋势。这主要与高寒草地退化、土壤退化有关。因而,在高寒草地恢复治理过程中,根据不同退化阶段应采取不同的恢复治理措施,特别是根据土壤养分的变化状况采取不同的施肥策略,改善土壤理化性状,加速退化草地的恢复进程。

Study on Soil Nutrients in Different Degraded Level Alpine Meadows

Objective] The change law of the soil nutrient contents and the relationship between the degraded of grassland and soil were studied to provide reliable information for the soil restoring of the degraded alpine meadow.Method] The soil nutrients was analyzed in the different degraded alpine meadow of Maqin Qinghai.Result]Soil nutrient decreased with the aggravation of degraded level.Soil nutrients contents at a scale of 0～30 centimeters decreased with increased depth of soil in different degraded level alpine meadow.And soil nutrient contents decreased with the aggravation of degraded level in the same depth of soil.The differences of soil water contents at a scale of 0～10 centimeters were significant in lightly,moderately and heavily degraded alpine meadow(P<0.01),and they were not significant at a scale of 10～30 centimeters(P>0.05).Conclusion] The soil nutrient contents and soil water content were decreased significantly with the aggravation of degraded level,which resulted from the factors of the degraded of grassland and soil.Accordingly,the different restoring measures were adopted according to the different degraded level in restoring course of the alpine meadow,especially the different fertilizing measures were adopted according to the change condition of soil nutrients,to improve the physical and chemical character and accelerate the restoring course of degraded grassland.