秋大豆生育规律与栽培技术研究

目的]为秋大豆高产栽培技术提供理论依据。方法]于2005年对5个秋大豆品种,每隔10 d测定其叶面积,茎、叶及荚果的干物重,研究了秋大豆干物质积累与分配规律。对4个品种进行秋大豆不同品种和不同播种期两因素试验,在生育期间观察生育规律、成熟期考察经济性状。结果]秋大豆LAR在开花期以前略有增大,开花以后直到成熟逐渐缩小。秋大豆干物质积累,开花前较少,鼓粒期迅速,均在58.3%以上,尤其是89-1为85%。7月30日以前播种的品种(除六蓝子外)均可正常成熟,8月19日播种的均成熟不佳,浙春1号和贡豆89-1在各处理的产量最高。结论]秋大豆各品种均以鼓粒期积累的干物质最多,达总积累的一半以上。秋大豆宜在7月30日以前播种,宜选用浙春1号和贡豆89-1等早熟丰产品种。

Study on Growing Law and Cultivation Technologies of Autumn Soybean on Anning River Basin in Sichuan

Objective] The study aimed to supply theoretical basis for high-yield cultivation technique of autumn soybean.Method] Dry matter accumulation and distribution lawof autumn soybean was studied through determining leaf area and dry weights of stems,leaves and pods of 5 varieties every 10 days in 2005.Two-factor experiment with different varieties and sowing dates was conducted on 4 varieties.Growing law was observed in the growing period and economic trait was surveyed in maturity period.Result] LAR of autumn soybean slightly increased before flowering stage and reduced gradually from flowering to maturing.The dry matter accumulation was less before flowering and increased fast in seed-filling period,being over 58.3 %,especially that of 89-1 being over 85 %.The varieties sowed before July 30th all could ripen normally except for varietyLiulanzi,but the varieties sowed on August 19th all didn't mature well.The yields ofZhechun 1 and Gongdou 89-1 were highest in each treatment.Conclusion]All the autumn soybean varieties accumulated most drymatter in seed-fillingperiod with the accumulation of over half of total accumulation.The autumn soybean should be sowed before July 30th and early and high-yield varieties such as Zhechun 1 and Gongdou 89-1 should be chose.