不同类型枣园天敌群落组成及多样性格局

目的]考察枣园的植被结构对枣园天敌节肢动物群落特征的影响。方法]采用随机取样法在田间选择5个样点调查枣园的天敌节肢动物。结果]间作苜蓿草枣园天敌群落的优势度、丰盛度及个体数量明显大于常规枣园,两类枣园主要昆虫如草蛉科、食蚜蝇科、缘蝽科昆虫是本地优势物种,在数量上间作苜蓿草枣园是常规枣园的2倍;而间作苜蓿草枣园的多样性指数、均匀度都小于常规枣园。枣园天敌群落结构指数随时间而变化,不同枣园中天敌昆虫多样性指数有一定的差异。结论]在枣园中隔段间种某种或某类牧草,隔段保留适度杂草,可以增加天敌的多样性,培育主要害虫的天敌。

Studies on the Diversity Pattern and Community Composition of Enemy Arthrods in Different Jujube Yards

Objective] The research aimed to investigate the effects of the vegetation structure in jujube yard on the diversity pattern of enemy arthrods.Method] The natural enemy arthrods were surveyed by selecting five points and applying random sampling method in two different types of jujube yards..Result] The results showed that the dominance,abundance and individuals in the jujube yard intercropped with herbage were significantly more than those in the convenient jujube yard without herbage.The local dominant species were Chrysopidae,Syrphidae,Coreidae in two yards,and their number in the jujube yard intercropped with herbage was twice as much as those in the convenient jujube yard.However,the diversity index and evenness of enemy insects in the jujube yards intercropped with herbage were less than those in the convenient jujube yard without herbage.Furthermore,the diversity indices of enemy arthrods changed with seasonal change.There was difference about diversity indices in different jujube yard.Conclusion] Herbages were intercropped with moderate weedes in jujube yard so that this measure could increase the diversity of natural enemies and foster the natural enemies of pests.