克瑞森无核葡萄简化栽培配套技术集成与应用研究

目的]提高葡萄园管理的机械化水平,简化操作措施。方法]全面采用果园机械化生产技术;在树型培养方面,选择便于埋土越冬的紧凑龙干型,新梢在主蔓两侧羽状水平绑缚呈水平叶幕,新梢负载量4.50万个/hm2左右;简化树型培养和枝梢管理措施,前期对新梢和副梢长放,后期疏除造成树冠郁闭的副梢;改变传统的清耕制,实行果园生草、覆草等措施。结果]采用该技术,克瑞森无核葡萄定植第2年产量达0.75万kg/hm2,3年以后1.80万kg/hm2以上,实现了节水36%、节肥41%。结论]应用该模式能够优化生产管理方式,降低工人劳动强度,提高劳动生产率,提升葡萄产业化水平,改善克瑞森无核葡萄品质。

Integration and Application of Crimson Seedless Grapes Simplified Cultivation Technique

Objective] The aim was to simplify the operational measures and raise the level of mechanization in grape orchard management. Method ] Full adoption of orchard mechanization technology; aspects of culture in the tree, choose a compact easy to buried winter trunk type, the shoot was the level of leaves in the bondage of the main vine on both sides of the pinnate horizontal screen, and shoots load 4.50 × 104 ind/hm2 about; simplified tree cultivation and shoot management practices, long put of the pre-shoots and axillary shoot, axillary shoot thinning of the late crown density ; change the traditional clean tillage system, the implementation of the orchard grass, straw mulching, and other measures. Result] With this technique, the second annual output of Crimson seedless grape planting is 0.75 × 104 kg/m2, the third years is 1.80 ×104 kg/hm2 or more, which achieved water saving 36%, fertilizer saving 41%. Conclusion] Applying the model can optimize the production and management methods, reduce labor intensity, improve labor productivity, and enhance the level of the grape industry, per- fect the quality of Crimson seedless grape.