花生的胚和胚乳的发育

观察了花生胚和胚乳的发育及其相关性。胚发育属紫苑型,其发育过程可分为:球胚前的原胚、球胚、心形胚、鱼雷形胚、幼胚、扩大生长胚和成熟胚各期。在子叶中淀粉粒积累先于蛋白质的积累。胚乳发育属核型。首次观察到花生胚乳瘤。胚乳细胞化以珠孔端开始。胚乳细胞层次少,最终不充满胚囊腔,种子成熟,胚乳完全消失。

EMBRYO AND ENDOSPERM DEVELOPMENT IN ARACHIS HYPOGUEA L.

Embryo development in peanut follows the Asterad type. It can bedevided into following stages: proembryo before globular, globular,heart, torpedo, young embryo, growing and enlarging embryo andmature. At the growing and enlarging embryo stage, the cotyledonscontinue to grow, enlarge and thicken. Finally, they fully fill thecentral vacuole of the embryo sac. At the same time, the reserves areaccumulated in the cotyledons and the plumule gets furtherdifferentiation. The endosperm development is of the nuclear type The endospermcellularization begins at the micropylar end of the embryo sac whenthe embryo is at the torpedo stage. Many endosperm nodules protrudeinto the central vacuole, when the endosperm is at the free nuclearphase and the embryo is at the globular stage, but they disappearafter the inner layer of the endosperm becomes cellular. When theseed reaches maturity, the endosperm cells disintegrate completely. The relationship between embryo and endosperm development isalso observed.