氮肥对小麦籽粒营养品质的影响

本试验主要研究了氮肥施用量和施用时期对两个小麦品种(鲁麦8号和泰山1号)氮素营养、籽粒产量和营养品质的影响。试验表明,在本试验条件下,每亩纯氮施用量从10公斤增至20公斤,对两个品种的籽粒产量、籽粒蛋白质含量的影响不显著(5%水平),但却显著增加其蛋白质产量;在各施氮期中,拔节期处理的籽粒产量最高,揚花肥提高籽粒蛋白质含量和蛋白质产量的效应最大,并且各施肥处理的籽粒产量、籽粒蛋白质含量和蛋白质产量均比对照高。试验还表明,合理运筹施氮时期和施氮量可成功地打破籽粒产量和蛋白质含量间的负相关关系,使籽粒产量和蛋白质含量得到同步提高,并有效地增加单位籽粒中量重的赖氨酸含量。

EFFECTS OF N FERTILIZER ON THE NUTRITIVE QUALITY OF WINIER WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)

In trials in 1985-1986 at Taian, N fertilizer was applied to two winter wheat cultivars ("L. M. 8" and "T. S. I") and its effects on the nitrogen nutrition, grain yield and nutritive quality were studied. The higher N application (more than 150 kg per ha ) did not increase grain yield and protein content significantly, whereas the protein yield was substantially improved, The grain yield was highest with N fertilizer applied at jointing stage, The application of N fertilizer at flowering stage increased grain protein content (%) and protein yield most effectively. The higher grain yield, protein content and protein yield were obtained by all N treatments. The grain yield, protein content (%) and lysine content (as grain weight percentage) could be increased simultaneously by the appropriate application of N fertilizer at proper stages.