退化砂姜黑土的无机磷特性及其活性研究

通过对退化砂姜黑土的无机磷组成和活化方法进行研究，结果表明：砂姜黑土的无机磷以磷灰石（Ca10-P)和闭蓄态磷酸盐（O-P）的含量为高，分别占无机磷总量的27%-48%和26%-37%。砂姜黑土中无机磷的总量以及其中Ca2-P、Al-P、Fe-P的含量均随着土壤肥力的退化而显著降低。在退化砂姜黑土中施用有机肥，能够大幅度提高速效磷的含量，而施用含有一定旦溶磷细菌的肥料则可以在不增加全磷量的情况下，促进土壤中Ca10-P和Ca8-P等向Ca2-P、Al-P等形态无机磷的转化，从而提高土壤中速效磷的含量。

STUDIES ON INORGANIC PHOSPHORUS CHARACTERISTICS AND ITS ACTIVATION OF DEGRADED SHAJIANG BLACK SOILS

The form,composition and its activation methods of inorganic phosphorus of degraded Shajing black soils were studied.The results obtained are summarized as follows.In Shajiang black soils,the content of apatite(Ca 10 -P) and that of occulated phosphorus (O-P) is comparatively high and they are respectively 27%-48% and 26%-37% of the total inorganic phosphorus,the contents of the total inorganic phosphorus and Ca 2-P?Ca 8-P?Al-P?Fe-P are remarkably reduced with soil fertility degradation.The application of organic manure in degraded Shajiang black soils evidently increase the content of rapidly available phosphorus,nevertheless,under the conditions of not increasing the total amount of phosphorus,applying the fertilizer witha certain content of phosphobacteria can help to bring about the transformation from Ca 8-P?Ca 10 -P,etc.to Ca 2-P,Al-P,etc.of soil inorganic phosphorus,and therefore,increases rapidly the amount of soil available phosphorus.