鸭茅不同倍性杂交及后代发育特性的初步研究

利用云南野生二倍体鸭茅与四倍体栽培种杂交,获得了杂交三倍体。三倍体具有双亲的形态特征,但高度不孕,结实率仅0.12%。与双亲相比:三倍体苗期生长速度比双亲都快;刈后再生速度与四倍体相近,比二倍体快(P<0.01);开花期与二倍体相似,比四倍体早29 d;全生育期比二倍体长30 d,比四倍体短51 d;分蘖能力强于二倍体,但不如四倍体。鸭茅三倍体后代染色体倍性特征复杂,混倍体、四倍体和五倍体等类型都存在。因此,尽管三倍体没有直接栽培利用价值,但是一种宝贵的育种材料。

Study on crossing of different ploidy of Dactylis glomerata

Through hybridization of Yunnan wild diploid Dactylis glomerata and tetraploid cultivar,triploid hybrid was obtained.The triploid had parental morphological characters,but nearly sterility,of which seeding rate was only 0.12 %.Compared with its parents,the growth speed of triploid in seedling stage was faster than parents,and the regeneration speed was similar to tetraploid but faster than diploid.The flowering time of triploid,which was 29 days earlier than tetraploid,was near the diploid.The whole growing period of triploid was 30 days longer than diploid,but 51 days shorter than tetraploid.The tillering capability of triploid was better than diploid,but less than tetraploid.The ploidy of the progeny of triploid was every complex,the mixoploid,tetraploid and pentraploid all existed.