滇池周边蔬菜和花卉种植户经营现状及病虫害管理情况调查

2008年8～11月,采用田间随机访谈农户和入户调查的方法,抽样调查了滇池周边的晋宁县和呈贡县150户小规模蔬菜和花卉种植农户,系统调查了农户的社会背景、蔬菜和花卉病虫害发生情况、病虫害防治态度和行为.调查结果表明,花卉种植户较蔬菜种植户年轻化,文化水平高,种植面积大;在调查地区蔬菜和花卉上发生的虫害主要有18种,病害主要有20种.使用杀菌剂的种类和使用频次较杀虫剂高.农民对化学农药的依赖程度较高,所有的农户发现病虫害会首先选择用化学农药防治;仅有6.4 %的农户能认识所使用农药的有效成分,而75.3 %的农户根据农药经销商推荐选购农药.

Survey of Farmers Management Practices on Disease and Pests of Vegetables and Flowers in Dianchi District of Kunming

150 farmers planting vegetables and flowers in Jinning and Chenggong near Dianchi from July to August in 2008 were sampled and investigated by the field random interview and household survey.The social background of farmers , occurrence of diseases and pests on vegetables and flowers and attitude and behavior of pest control were systematically investigated.The results showed that the age of farmers planting flowers was younger than that of the farmers planting vegetables and the farmers planting flowers had higher the culture level than the farmers planting vegetables .The vegetables and flowers in investigated district had 18 species pests and 20 diseases.The kinds and frequency of fungicide were more than that of the insecticide. Based on this,the farmers depending on chemical pesticide was higher .Only 6.4% farmers could know the effective components of chemical pesticide and 75.3% farmers bought pesticide based on the recommendation from the pesticide dealers.