香型软米水稻资源主要品质性状遗传效应研究

选择5份云南地方香型软米水稻种质资源和6份自育香型软米保持系按5×6不完全双列杂交设计(NCⅡ)配制成30个组合,采用禾谷类作物种子数量性状的遗传模型及分析方法对云南香型软米11个品质性状进行遗传研究.结果表明,出糙率、精米率和碱消值受种子直接加性效应、种子直接显性效应、细胞质效应、母体加性效应、母体显性效应的共同控制.整精米率受种子直接加性效应、种子直接显性效应的控制.粒长、粒宽、长宽比、垩白米率、胶稠度、直链淀粉含量主要受种子直接加性效应、种子直接显性效应的控制.垩白度主要受种子直接加性效应的影响.11个品质性状的遗传率以种子直接遗传率为主.此外根据品质性状的遗传效应预测值对亲本在育种的利用价值进行了评价.

Genetic Effects of Main Quality Traits in Aromatic Soft Rice Germplasm Resources

The genetic effects of 11 quality traits were analyzed by the genetic model and analyzing method of cereal crop seeds quantitative traits in incomplete diallel cross(NCII) design experiment.A total of 30 crosses were derived from 5 aromatic soft landraces from germplasm resources in Yunnan as female parents and 6 own-breeding aromatic soft maintenance lines as male parents.The results showed that percentage of brown rice,percentage of milled rice and gelatinization temperature were controlled by seed direct additive effect,seed direct dominance effect,cytoplasm effect,maternal additive effect and maternal dominance effect.Percentage of head rice was controlled by seed direct additive effect and seed direct dominance effect.Milled length,milled width,length/breadth ratio,percentage of chalky grain,gel consistency,amylose content were controlled by seed direct additive effect and seed direct dominance effect.Chalkiness degree was affected by seed additive effect.The seed direct heritability of 11 quality traits was predominant.The potential breeding of parental lines were discussed according to predicted values of genetic effects.